Feed-water analysis
TDS, hardness, alkalinity, silica, iron, manganese, SDI, temperature and microbiology affect pretreatment and membrane performance.
Industrial RO Plant Engineering Guide
Engineering reference for industrial RO pretreatment, membrane selection, recovery, cleaning, scaling and troubleshooting.
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Pretreatment
Media filtration, cartridge filtration, antiscalant and dechlorination are selected to protect the membrane array.
Performance monitoring
Normalise permeate flow and salt passage for temperature and pressure so fouling is distinguished from seasonal changes.
CIP and recovery
Cleaning chemistry must match the fouling type and membrane manufacturer limits; recovery targets must respect scaling and operating constraints.