Sewage characterization
Peak flow, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia and variability determine hydraulic and biological design.
STP Plant Engineering Guide
Engineering reference for sewage treatment plant design, biological process control, clarification, disinfection and sludge handling.
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Biological treatment
Maintain the required oxygen transfer, biomass concentration and sludge age for the selected process.
Clarification and disinfection
Secondary clarification must protect downstream disinfection; UV or chemical disinfection is selected to meet reuse or discharge requirements.
Operations
Routine checks of DO, pH, MLSS, settling and sludge wasting provide early warning of process instability.